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        Cotton in everyday life surrounds us everywhere, many products from the group of home textiles - bed linen, towels for the kitchen and bathroom; as well as clothes - jeans, T-shirts, dresses, nighties; medical and hygiene products - cotton wool, cosmetic discs and others. What is cotton? Cotton is a matured pericarp, which is located on the seeds of a cotton plant from the mallow family. The thinnest white cotton hollow fibers, very strongly twisted around their axis, are very light and soft to the touch. For the textile industry, cotton is a natural, natural textile fiber. Cotton, Cotton, baumwool, this is also cotton, as it is called in different languages. The name koton entered our colloquial speech in the wake of the popularity of English words. Therefore, the question often arises whether cotton is cotton or synthetics. Coton is a natural fabric or natural cotton fiber.

Cotton - ripe box

Cotton making process and history

 The leaders in the production of cotton are the countries with hot and dry climates, India and China. India, being the first country in the world where they began to cultivate and produce cotton on a large scale, has not lost its leadership today. The first mention of cotton as a fabric, historians date back to a period of more than 7000 years ago. Even then, cotton fabrics existed.

Ripe fields with a cotton plant are harvested both manually and by machine. Manual labor is used in countries with low wages and low mechanization. Then cotton stacks are formed and sent to sorting factories. Further, cotton is separated into fractions, short-staple, mainly used for technical purposes - cotton wool, hygienic discs, gauze; medium-fiber - used to form fibers for filling pillows and blankets, as well as fabrics where strength is not critical; long-fiber - the smallest species and therefore the most expensive, since it produces the most durable and beautiful fabrics. After sorting and cleaning from mechanical impurities, threads are spun from the fiber, from which various fabrics are produced at weaving enterprises.

Cotton - a field of ripe cottonCotton fabrics are subjected to various chemical treatments for the best quality. One of these treatments is mercerization. This is an expensive procedure, which consists in immersing an already woven cotton fabric in a solution with natural acids. Thanks to this treatment, an increase in the service life of the fabric is achieved, the dyeability and color retention are improved during multiple washes, shine and smoothness appear, due to cutting off the top layer of the fabric after swelling. These properties are retained throughout the entire period of use. Mercerized cotton is an improved quality cotton fabric that is more expensive than its conventional counterparts.

Beige satin cotton

What is cotton used for

Cotton fiber is widely used in the textile industry and is the most demanded in this area. Various fabrics, fibers for filling pillows and blankets, threads, yarn are produced from cotton. Cotton fabric is a material made from natural cotton threads. It can be used both for sewing clothes and for home textiles.

Coarse calico cotton brown

Popular and demanded fabrics for sewing bed linen satin and coarse calico are also cotton. This group also includes ranfors, as well as poplin and percale. After all, the name of the fabric is not the composition of the fabric, but the method of weaving the threads with which it is woven. Since the share of cotton in the production of textile products occupies more than half of the total volume, most often these fabrics are made of cotton. For an accurate determination, you need to study the manufacturer's label with the composition of the fabric, or get acquainted with the characteristics in the online store.

Mahra and knitwear from which towels and sheets with an elastic band are sewn are also made from cotton.

Cotton jersey peach

Waterproof tablecloths, as well as mattress covers that do not allow water to pass through, are also sewn from cotton fabric. Water resistance is achieved in the case of a water-repellent impregnated tablecloth, and a special nano-membrane is used for the mattress topper, which allows steam and air to pass through, and retains water droplets.

Cotton bed linen green

Which means 100% cotton. This designation marks products made exclusively from cotton, they do not contain synthetics in their composition and are absolutely safe.

Organic cotton is gaining popularity. Since pesticides and other harmful chemicals are not used in its production, the cultivation of cotton does not harm the environment, and also has better properties in finished products.

Cotton home textiles pink

Cotton characteristics

dignity:

  • high hygroscopicity;
  • pleasant to the touch, has softness;
  • has good air permeability;
  • natural, does not cause allergies and irritation;
  • wear-resistant, lasts a long time;
  • good thermal insulation properties due to the hollow fiber structure and strong crimp of the fibers;
  • in a wet state, the strength of cotton increases, and does not decrease as with most other fibers of natural origin;

limitations:

  • shrinks during washing, depending onfrom fabric, from 3 to 7%, this nuance must be taken into account and not to wash cotton products in too hot water;
  • sunlight actively destroys the fiber, therefore it is not recommended to dry cotton products in the open sun;
  • quite crumpled;

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