Textile is what kind of fabric and material, characteristics

    Textiles have become so tightly embedded in our lives and surrounds us everywhere that many using it constantly do not think about its name. What is textiles, we will consider in detail in this article.

Previously, one could say that textiles are fabrics that were woven from threads on a machine. Nowadays, the word textile means materials woven - from various threads, knitted - these are knitted fabrics, woven - macrame, blankets, and non-woven materials, as well as a new type of cast. Textile products are anything made from soft woven, knitted, woven and nonwoven fabrics.

Types of textiles

Textiles are classified into two main groups according to their purpose: home textiles and technical textiles. Already from the names it is clear what each of the species is intended for.

Home textiles are textiles intended for use in home furnishing, but they can easily be used in other areas - schools, restaurants, hotels, offices. Usually, textiles for institutions are made to order, but if the design and dimensions are suitable, then ready-made copies of home textiles are used.

Home textiles are bed linen, curtains, curtains, bathroom and kitchen towels, tablecloths, cleaning napkins, blanket and pillow covers and other products.

Technical textiles are a wide range of materials designed for use in various industries. This includes textiles - from awnings and covers for cars to agrofibers for farms and subsidiary plots, materials for upholstery of furniture and car interiors, various barrier materials for construction purposes, and others.

What textiles are made of

Textiles are made from three types of fibers - natural, artificial, synthetic, and also mixed - this is when the types of fibers are mixed in different proportions to obtain the specified characteristics.

Natural textiles are materials made from natural plant fibers: cotton, flax, hemp, as well as animal fibers: wool and silk. This also includes natural leather. Natural textiles have a pleasant texture, breathe well, are pleasant and environmentally friendly, but do not hold their shape well and often wrinkle, therefore, synthetic additives are increasingly used. Often the natural type of textiles is cotton textiles, since it is the most popular and well-known, has excellent hygienic properties and is the most popular from the natural group.

Artificial textiles are produced by a chemical method from natural polymeric materials, for example, various crushed wood shavings, as well as cotton fluff. Both of these materials contain a large amount of cellulose in their composition, which, under the influence of a chain of chemical reactions, is able to transform into fibers with specified characteristics. Materials of artificial nature - viscose, siblon, tencel, bamboo.

Synthetic textiles are made by chemical reactions from chemically produced polymer compositions. At the moment, this is the largest group, which includes more than two thousand materials, and this list is constantly updated. Leatherette or eco leather is also an artificial textile. Polyester is the leader in the textile industry, on a par with cotton in terms of the number of products made from it.

To summarize: synthetics, natural fabrics and artificial - this is all called the unifying concept of textiles.

Varieties of textiles

Common names for the subspecies of textile products:

• textiles for sewing clothes, a wide range of materials and fabrics of both natural and synthetic origin, as well as mixed;

• bed textiles, most often natural fabrics - satin, calico, ranfors, poplin, may be with minor additions of synthetic or artificial fibers;
  
• curtain textiles are used for sewing curtains and curtains;
  
• table textiles are fabrics for sewing tablecloths, napkins, kitchen towels, as well as pillows for chairs;
  
• dress textile products are intended for sewing women's dresses, dressing gowns;
  
• costume fabrics are used in sewing various costumes for both women and men;
  
• jersey is a special type of textile, soft and less prone to wrinkling;
  
• the terry type of knitwear comes with cut and whole loops, it is used for sewing various towels, dressing gowns, home clothes;
  
• shoe textiles are materials that are suitable for sewing shoes;
  
• artistic textiles are a special type of limited edition textile products that are produced with an author's design, usually referred to the elite class;

Textile design types

1. The variety of textile designs will amaze every imagination. Main directions:
   
2. floral theme, the most popular type;
   
3. ethnic types do not lose their relevance;
   
4. animal themes, tigers, lions, parrots, turtles enjoy the greatest sympathy;
   
5. various patterns, from oriental to ultramodern;
   
6. cell and polka dots, which have already become a classike;
   
7. abstraction and geometric prints;

What are textile shoes?

        Although leather also belongs to tectile products. It is customary to call the types of shoes made of high-density fabric by textile footwear, the famous canvas boots were beautiful and comfortable, but it was not advisable to get into them in the rain, because they quickly got wet. Now there are special aerosol impregnations that reduce water permeability and increase dirt-repellency. Textile footwear is ideal for the summer period, because it is light and breathable, unlike leather products. The only drawback is a short service life, but since its cost is relatively low, this is rather a plus, since there is the possibility of frequent replacement without any special financial costs.